Circle of ANTON RAPHAEL MENGS (Aussig, Bohemia, 1728-Rome, 1779). "St. John the Baptist." Oil on canvas. Relined. It presents restorations. Measurements: 28.5 x 35.5 cm; 39 x 49 cm (frame). The work in question closely follows the aesthetic precepts developed by Mengs, the first chamber painter of Charles III whose art enjoyed great acceptance at court. Thus, we are faced with a Saint John the Baptist of soft and delicate features, which stands out for its naturalness. Although he has been represented beardless, when he usually has long and shaggy beards, there are several attributes that allow us to identify the figure as St. John the Baptist: first, the character points with his right hand a wide rod, topped in the form of a cross, covered by a phylactery. Secondly, and although it is not visible in this composition, the phylactery should read "Agnus dei ...", a reference to the phrase "This is the lamb of God who cleanses the sin of the world". The aforementioned lamb, symbol of Christ and his sacrifice on behalf of humanity, a usual attribute of St. John the Baptist, is not found in this work. The artist is probably inspired by classical images of the "Good Shepherd", bucolic figures of young shepherds caring for their livestock that were adopted at the beginning of Christianity as symbolic figures of Jesus caring for his faithful. This inspiration in classical sources could explain the youthful and beardless appearance of St. John. A painter and theorist of neoclassicism, Anton Raphael Mengs was trained both in the practical aspect of painting and in the theory of art, under the influence of Winckelmann, whose friend and outstanding pupil he was. He trained in Dresden under the direction of his father, Ismael Mengs, a court painter. Later, between 7141 and 1744, he traveled to Rome to further his education with Marco Benefial, studying especially ancient sculpture and the painting of Raphael and the classicists of the seventeenth century. In 1744 he returned to Dresden and was appointed court painter, where he devoted himself mainly to portraits. In 1746 he was appointed painter to King Augustus III of Poland, and subsequently undertook a journey through Italy, ending in Rome, where he settled permanently. In the Italian capital he painted important religious and mythological works in fresco, showing a mature style of a clearly neoclassical character, influenced by the Renaissance and, more specifically, by the work of Raphael. In 1761 he was called to Spain, where he remained until 1769 as the first painter of King Carlos III. For him he painted works destined to decorate the Royal and Aranjuez palaces, and also painted important portraits. His presence in Madrid definitely pushed Tiepolo into a corner, since Mengs represented a new taste that was well accepted by the court. Although he would later return to Rome, he would visit the Spanish court again between 1774 and 1776, shortly before contracting the illness that would lead him to die in Italy in 1779. Works by Mengs are currently preserved in the Prado Museum, the Louvre in Paris, the Hermitage in St. Petersburg, the Metropolitan in New York, the National Gallery and the Royal Collection in London, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Albertina in Vienna and other leading art galleries in Europe and the United States. Dimensions 28.5 x 35.5 cm; 39 x 49 cm (frame).