FOUR PORCELAIN SNUFF BOTTLES19th to early 20th century Comprising: a cylindrical snuff bottle with a deer and a crane, stopper; a famille rose snuff bottle with ladies and a deer in a river landscape with inscriptions, Qianlong four-character mark, coral stopper; a famille rose river landscape snuff bottle, hardstone stopper, Gu Yuexuan mark; a mandarin ducks snuff bottle, Daoguang seal mark and period, coral stopper. The tallest: 8.5cm (3 3/8in) high (8).Footnotes:Provenance: Dr Walter Rieder (1890-1986)來源：Walter Rieder博士（1890-1986）舊藏Dr Walter Rieder (1890-1986) served in the Swiss East Asia Mission (SOAM) in Qingdao, Shandong Province, between October 1930 and December 1951. The mission specialised in educational, literary and philanthropic work and Dr Rieder was in fact, not a theologian or missionary, but a teacher of mathematics, physics and science to high school students attached to the SOAM. His guiding principles were 'Creating understanding between different cultures' and 'Building bridges between East and West'. While in Qingdao, Dr Rieder collected a wide variety of Chinese art. The objects in the collection thus offer a unique window into the type of antiques that were on the market in Qingdao in the second quarter of the 20th century. As well as demonstrating his passion for Chinese art, his collection also reveals the personal friendships Dr Rieder forged with local artists, some of whom he knew from his teaching activities. Dr Rieder had a scholarly approach to studying his collection. Alongside many of his objects, meticulous notes can sometimes be found detailing his art historical commentaries. The collection was hence Dr Rieder's gateway to the history and culture of China. Objects from the collection were exhibited at the Kunsthaus in Interlaken, Switzerland in 2006 and 2018.This lot is subject to the following lot symbols: * Y* VAT on imported items at a preferential rate of 5% on Hammer Price and the prevailing rate on Buyer's Premium.Y Subject to CITES regulations when exporting items outside of the EU, see clause 13.