9th-12th century A.D. A matched pair of bronze tortoise brooches, each a domed and slightly keeled body with stepped flange rim, dense pattern of low-relief moulded detail including facing figures with pellet eyes; transverse mounting bar and catch to the reverse with loop for attachment of a swag of beads; chain loop to one and short chain to the other. Cf. Sedov, B.B., Finno-Ugri i Balti v Epokhi Srednevekovija, Moscow, 1987, pl.ZII (33). 160 grams total, 9.5-13.5 cm (3 3/4 - 5 1/4 in.). Ex private German collection, 1980s. [2]